Untitled Document FTP / HOSTING
What should my website files be called?
 

The default files are listed from highest to lowest priority:
index.htm, index.html, index.php, default.htm, default.html, default.php.
Be careful about having multiple default files, if you have more than one the highest priority file will be displayed.
That will get your first page loaded, from that point there are a number of approaches. Typically your HTML files are included in the same directory and given logical names, and an Images sub-folder is created to store your graphics / photos.


How do I upload files / What was my login?
 

To upload your website your FTP login is typically your domain name with no prefix and no extension. So if your domain name was www.example_Website.com, then your login would be example_website ... your password should be what you requested.

You will need to know your FTP user name, password, and domain (typically ftp.[your_domain.ext]).
There are two FTP options built into Windows, you can find help in the FAQ question: How do I FTP from a Command Prompt, or with IE? Otherwise...
Next you will need an FTP client, there are a number of FTP clients available for free and for purchase, from CuteFTP to SecureFX.

Create a new connection to ftp.[yourdomain.ext], login using the username / pw you were given IE: ftp.mydomain.com (mydomain / rq132*).
Once connected, upload/transfer your web page files to the root of the remote server. IE all your HTML / .htm files & an Images folder with pictures for your site.
After doing that, refreshing (F5) the page should show your website instead of the place holder page, or your old web page.


How do I FTP from a Command Prompt?
  FTP from a command prompt. This option is somewhat more complicated than a GUI client, but works on most computers. It works well for simple file transfers, but requires a lot of work to transfer multiple folders / sub-folders.
We do not provide support for command based FTP or ftp scripting, this info is FYI.
It can also be setup with a link to point at a script which will allow you to upload or download specific files with a click.
Note for the following instructions, replace <CR> with the enter key, <username> with your login name, <source> with your source file or file and path, same with <target> etc.
Start, by going to your Start Menu, then click Run, at the Run prompt type cmd (On earlier Win OS's such as Windows 98, type command) and click Ok. That should bring up a black window showing your current directory, a command prompt.

Change to the directory on your computer where your files are stored (Note: if you type the get/put commands with the full file paths you don't need to change directories). Your path is shown in the prompt. Typing the drive letter followed by a colon will change drives, you want to follow each command by hitting the enter key. Typing cd .. will move you up a directory, typing cd <directory_name> will change you to that directory, typing dir will list files and directories in your current path.

From the appropriate directory, type ftp <domain_name>
You should see a prompt something like...
Connected to <domain_name>.
220----- Welcome, CTCCo.com FTP Server ready... ----
220 __________________________________________________
User (trinity.homeisp.com:(none)):

Type in <user_name><CR>
You should see something like
331 Password required for <user_name>.
Password:

Type in <password><CR>
This should show you as logged in, and give you an ftp> prompt.
Use the cd commands as above at the command prompt, to change directories on the FTP server, and the dir command to list files and folders. Also, mkdir <directory_name> will create a new directory, and rmdir <directory_name> will remove a directory.

Before uploading or downloading you want to change to ASCII or Binary mode, ASCII for text based files, and Binary for non-text based files. Type either bin<CR> or ascii<CR> to set this option.
To upload a file from your computer to the server use the command: put <source> <target><CR>
To download a file from the server to your computer use the command: get <source> <target><CR>
To download multiple files type mget *.*<CR>, or mget <Partial file name, * as a wild card><CR>
To delete type delete <file_name><CR>, to rename a file type rename <file_name> <new_name><CR>

Once you are done, you can type bye<CR> to end your session, and exit<CR> to close the command prompt.

How do I script/automate transfers with command based FTP?
 

You can automate the simple upload / download of a file(s), using the command prompt based FTP program included in Windows.
Be careful about accidently over writing important files. We do not provide support for command based FTP or ftp scripting, this info is FYI.

You will need to make a script file ending in .ftp and stored in a path you know, or in the same directory as the shortcut (example below).
You need to make a shortcut calling the FTP program, the FTP host, and using the script.
Syntax: ftp <domain_name> -s:<file_name.ftp
IE: ftp ftp.my_domain_name.com -s:c:\temp\my_script_file.ftp

For example... a simple <file_name>.ftp file might look like...
<username>
<password>
get <source_file> <target_file>
put <source_file> <target_file>
bye


Note the get command is taking a source file from the ftp server and copying it to your local machine, the put command is copying a source file from your computer to the target on the server.
Always be sure to test your FTP script. Clicking your shortcut should connect, transfer files, and disconnect.

If you want to play around with a much more advanced / complex FTP script... you can download the following one. It can be edited and run with no external scripts to make (They are dynamically generated in your temp folder), or it can be used with external scripts to warn on errors, write a log etc.
AutoFTP.cmd V. 1.34 Batch File, save to your hard drive and edit settings in notepad.


How do I make a website?
 

Making a website is somewhat beyond the scope of this FAQ, how ever some pointers in the right direction.

There are a number of WYSIWYG editors out there (What You See Is What You Get), these allow you to edit web pages seeing the results rather than the code that generates them. If you just want to do something quick and don't want to take a lot of time learning, this is probably the way to go.
WYSIWYG editors make things much simpler to create, how ever they don't give you as much control, and the code they create is usually somewhat sloppy.
A couple of common editors are Dream Weaver, and Front Page, I tend to think Dream Weaver's code is somewhat cleaner.

The other option is to learn a language, the basic foundation is HTML. There are a number of other related languages & tools, such as JavaScript, PHP, CSS, and Flash.
Editing code by hand can be done in something as simple as Notepad, there are also a number of editors that highlight the TAGs and offer canned code excerpts (Such as CoffeeCup).

A lot can also be learned by looking at the source for other peoples sites and figuring out how they did something. There are a number of tutorials out there on HTML etc., try looking for help in your favorite search engine.


Does the server support PHP?
  Yes, PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP Hypertext Preprocessor".
This is a useful language for creating dynamic content on your website. There are a number of sites out there that have free downloads of PHP scripts, that can do things like count hits on your webpage.

PHP is a server-side, cross-platform, HTML embedded scripting language that lets you create dynamic web pages. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit them the same way you normally create regular HTML pages.

Can Front Page Extensions be setup?
 

No we currently do not support FrontPage Extensions.
We generally advise against running Front Page Extensions, while they do add a couple of nice features the problems that tend to arise from using them cause more issues then the extensions solve.
Most of the time if you are wanting to add a counter or another feature they support, you can find a simple PHP script that will do the same job more smoothly. There are a number of websites that offer PHP scripts for free download.


How do I FTP from IE?
  Start by opening Internet Explorer. Click in the address bar, and type ftp://<your_FTP_domain>/ then hit enter (IE ftp://ftp.example_domain.com/<CR>).
This should prompt you with the server name, asking for a User name:, and Password:. Type them in, and click Log On.
You should see a Windows Explorer style folder / file display. You can drag and drop files and folders to or from that window to upload and download files.
You can add the page to your favorites for easy access.

Depending on whether IE is setup as your default FTP client, you can drag and copy that short cut to your desktop, or another location for speedy access.

I want to use CGI, where is the CGI-BIN?
  You can run CGI scripts, these are generally located in the CGI-BIN folder from the root of your website. By default the CGI-BIN folder is not automatically created. Please call or e-mail us (including details about your site, who you are etc.), and we can set one up for you.

I'm getting HTTP error codes, what do they mean?
 

Following are some of the more common HTTP error codes, if you need more information try searching in google for "HTTP [Error#]".

Failure Codes

Error # Error Code
100 Continue
101 Switching Protocols

Success Codes
Error # Error Code
200 OK
A standard response for a working web server.
201 Created
202 Accepted
203 Non-Authoritative Information
204 No Content
205 Reset Content
206 Partial Content

Redirection Codes
Error # Error Code
300 Multiple Choices
301 Moved Permanently
302 Found
303 See Other
304 Not Modified
305 Use Proxy
307 Temporary Redirect

Client Error Codes
Error # Error Code
400 Bad Request
401 Unauthorized
402 Payment Required
403 Forbidden
404 Not Found
405 Method Not Allowed
406 Not Acceptable
407 Proxy Authentication Required
408 Request Timeout
409 Conflict
410 Gone
411 Length Required
412 Precondition Failed
413 Request Entity Too Large
414 Request-URI Too Large
415 Unsupported Media Type
416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable
417 Expectation Failed

Server Error Codes
Error # Error Code
500 Internal Server Error
501 Not Implemented
502 Bad Gateway
503 Service Unavailable
504 Gateway Timeout
505 HTTP Version not supported

SECURITY & UPDATES
How do I keep my computer secure?
 

To keep your computer secure it is very important to make sure that you have the latest Windows Critical Updates installed on your machine.
If you are running the Windows Operating System you can download these updates at WindowsUpdate.Microsoft.com
It is also very important to make sure that your computer is running anti-virus software with current virus definitions (Updates).
Running a spyware removal software package (with current definitions) periodically is also advisable, usually at least once a month.
In addition to running real time AV software, it's also good to do a double blind scan from time to time using a different scanner. If you go to Housecall.TrendMicro.com, they have a good web based scanner.


I think I have a virus! What should I do?
 

Most viruses are spread through email attachments. That is why you should never open attachments from a source you don't trust, also be wary of the type of attachment and the formatting of the e-mail - sometimes the e-mail maybe sent with a forged address that looks like someone you would trust.
If you believe that you do have a virus, you should update and run AV software (or install some if you don't have any).
Also try running HouseCall.TrendMicro.com to check for viruses your AV software may have missed.
You should also check to make sure that you are running the latest security patches for your Operating System and Software.
Nortan and McAfee both offer popular tools for detecting and removing virises. You can also find free online anti-virus scaners, like the one offered at http://housecall.trendmicro.com (however, this is not a substitute for realtime continuous scanning).
If you find and remove a virus from your computer, it's a good idea to do another scan until you don't find a virus.
If you have a specific virus but are having difficulty removing it, there are several sites with details about viruses, and possibly tools that will remove the virus you have. Symantec for example, has a virus tools section, and details on a lot of viruses.


I think I have a spyware! What should I do?
 

Spyware is generally spread through "malicious" websites and "freeware" programs. They usually track where you go and what you do on the internet, for marketing research and advertisement purposes. You can detect and remove most spyware by running a spyware removal tool like Ad-Aware from LavaSoft. You should be aware that some "free" software that you may use could require the spyware to be installed for it to work correctly. You can also block some web browser based spyware by tightening your browsers security settings.


Do I need a firewall?
 

In general, a Firewall will protect your computer from outside attacks by "filtering" out what it believes to be harmful content from coming into your computer.
You can download firewall software to run on your computer. A few popular titles are BlackIce Defender and ZoneAlarm.
Many Routers/Switches come with simple port blocking firewall solutions that you can configure for added network security.
For personal use, most people will not need a firewall (already being behind a NAT device). For business use, it would be wise to look into.
If you do plan on using a firewall you should make sure that you configure it correctly. If you block the wrong port numbers, you could block yourself from sending email, connecting to ftp servers, or even browsing the internet.